Cited 10 times since 2020 (2.3 per year) source: EuropePMC Annals of surgery, Volume 272, Issue 5, 1 1 2020, Pages 773-778 Long-term Prognosis After Elective Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm Repair is Poor in Women and Men: The Challenges Remain. Bulder RMA, Talvitie M, Bastiaannet E, Hamming JF, Hultgren R, Lindeman JHN
Objective
To evaluate the impact of changes in elective Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm (AAA) management on life-expectancy of AAA patients.
Background
Over the past decades AAA repair underwent substantial changes, that is, the introduction of EVAR and implementation of intensified cardiovascular risk management. The question rises to what extent these changes improved longevity of AAA patients.
Methods
National evaluation including all 12.907 (82.7% male) patients who underwent elective AAA repair between 2001 and 2015 in Sweden. The impact of changes in AAA management was established by a time-resolved analysis based on 3 timeframes: open repair dominated period (2001-2004, n = 2483), transition period (2005-2011, n = 6230), and EVAR-first strategy period (2012-2015, n = 4194). Relative survival was used to quantify AAA-associated mortality, and to adjust for changes in life-expectancy.
Results
Relative survival of electively treated AAA patients was stable and persistently compromised [4-year relative survival and 95% confidence interval: 0.87 (0.85-0.89), 0.87 (0.86-0.88), 0.89 (0.86-0.91) for the 3 periods, respectively]. Particularly alarming is the severely compromised survival of female patients (4-year relative survival females 0.78, 0.80, 0.70 vs males 0.89, 0.89, 0.91, respectively). Cardiovascular mortality remained the main cause of death (51.0%, 47.2%, 47.9%) and the proportion cardiovascular disease over non-cardiovascular disease death was stable over time.
Conclusions
Changes in elective AAA management reduced short-term mortality, but failed to improve the profound long-term survival disadvantage of AAA patients. The persistent high (cardiovascular) mortality calls for further intensification of cardiovascular risk management, and a critical appraisal of the basis for the excess mortality of AAA patients.
